How Canada voted - in charts

An illustration showing an white outline of a map of Canada in front of black bars and a red background.
Phil Leake, Alison Benjamin, Daniel Wainwright and Jess Carr
Data journalism team

Mark Carney's Liberal Party has won enough seats in the House of Commons to form a government in Canada.

However, CBC News projects they will fall short of the majority they wanted.

Carney is set to remain prime minister, having only assumed the role in early March following Justin Trudeau's resignation.

His main rival, Conservative leader Pierre Poilievre, has lost his own seat as has Jagmeet Singh, leader of the New Democratic Party (NDP).

Carney's Liberals have 169 seats according to preliminary results but would need 172 for a majority.

The Conservatives are set to remain in opposition as the second-largest party and are on 144 seats, with over 99% of polls having reported results.

The Bloc Québécois is on 22 seats and only runs candidates in the province of Quebec. The NDP has been reduced to seven seats and the Green Party to one.

Both the Liberals and the Conservatives have seen a significant rise in their share of the national vote compared with four years ago.

Increased support for Canada's two largest parties has come at the expense of smaller parties, particularly the NDP whose share of the popular vote is down by almost 12 percentage points.

Chart of election results in Carleton showing parties with more than 1 % of the vote. Liberal, Bruce Fanjoy, 51%, up 19 on 2021 Conservative, Pierre Poilievre, 46%, down 6 on 2021 NDP Beth Prokaska, 1%, down 10 on 2021. Change is with 2021 vote share, using new ridings. Source: Elections Canada, all polls reported

The rise in support for the Conservatives was not enough to save Poilievre, who lost his own seat in Carleton, Ontario.

The 45-year-old had promised a return to "common sense politics".

Opinion polls at the start of the year had the Conservatives over 20 percentage points ahead of the Liberals. But after the resignation of former Liberal Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and the arrival of new PM Mark Carney and the tariffs announced by US President Donald Trump, that lead evaporated.

In his own seat, Poilievre had 90 opponents, mostly independent candidates linked to a group calling for electoral reform.

NDP leader Singh also lost his own seat in the House of Commons, coming third behind the Liberal and Conservative candidates.

Canada has a "first-past-the-post" electoral system.

The candidate who gets the most votes in each electoral district, or riding, wins that seat and become a Member of Parliament (MP).

The Liberals and the Conservatives have dominated the popular vote, with both parties receiving more than 40% each of ballots counted across Canada.

This has them on track to win a combined 90% of seats.

The NDP has received just over 6% of the total vote, but this translates to just 2% of seats in the House of Commons.

The Bloc Québécois has just over 6% of the vote and a similar share of seats.

A map showing the number of seats won by each party across Canada’s 13 provinces. Seats are broken down as follows: Ontario - Liberal 69 seats, Conservative 53 Quebec - Liberal 44 seats, Bloc Quebecois 22, Conservative 11, NDP 1 British Columbia - Liberal 20 seats, Conservative 19, NDP 3, Green 1 Alberta - Conservative 34 seats, Liberal 2, NDP 1 Manitoba - Conservative 7 seats, Liberal 6, NDP 1 Saskatchewan - Conservative 13 seats, Liberal 1 Nova Scotia - Liberal 10 seats, Conservative 1 New Brunswick - Liberal 6 seats, Conservative 4 Newfoundland and Labrador - Liberal 5 seats, Conservative 2 Prince Edward Island - Liberal 4 seats Northwest Territories - Liberal 1 seat Yukon - Liberal 1 seat Nunavut - NDP 1 seat

The Liberals have the most seats in the key provinces of Ontario and Quebec, which account for 200 of Canada's 343 electoral districts.

The Conservatives took all but three of the 37 seats in Alberta, while it was a close race between the two main parties in British Columbia, where the Conservatives have 19 seats and the Liberals 20.

A map shows the election results in 2021 and in 2025 in areas surrounding Toronto. In Toronto itself, most seats are Liberal red including one in St Paul's won back from the Conservatives. It had been lost in a by-election in 2024. The Conservatives have turned 9 seats from red to blue. And the NDP have lost their only seat on this map to the Liberals.

One of the most closely-watched areas was around Toronto. The "905" are places that all share the same telephone code.

While the Liberals have won in most of Toronto, including a seat they lost in a by-election last year, the Conservatives were able to flip some of the ridings in the surrounding region.

The NDP have lost a seat, Hamilton Centre, that they'd held for over 20 years.

A map shows election results in 2021 and 2025 in and around Montreal in Quebec. Terrebonne has flipped from Bloc Quebecois to the Liberals. There is one NDP seat that has not changed. Les Pays-d'en-Haut has flipped. from BQ to Liberal along with Châteauguay-Les Jardins-de-Napierville

After Ontario, Quebec is the second most populated province of Canada and has a big impact on the results of federal elections.

The Bloc Québécois, which focuses on Quebec interests and only runs candidates in the province, was defending 35 seats, a number which changed after boundaries were reviewed. It has lost 13 of them, according to preliminary results.

The Liberals won Terrebonne, a suburb of Montreal, from the Bloc by a margin of just 35 votes. They also won back LaSalle-Émard-Verdun, which the Bloc took in a by-election last year.

The NDP held on to their seat in Rosemont-La Petite-Patrie in Montreal.

Turnout at Canadian federal elections Percentage of registered electors that voted, 2004 to 2025 2004: 61 2006: 65 2008: 59 2011: 61 2015: 68 2019: 67 2021: 63 2025: 69 Source: Elections Canada Note: 2025 results are provisional and based on results from over 99% of polls. Does not include electors who registered on election day

Turnout has surpassed the levels seen in 2015 and 2019, with 69% of registered electors having voted. This is according to the preliminary results from Elections Canada.

More than 7 million Canadians cast their ballots in advance, setting a new record for early voter turnout, Elections Canada said.

The words "Canada election" on a red background with a white maple leaf

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